What Are Panic Attacks?
A panic attack is a sudden episode of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes. Panic attacks can occur unexpectedly or may be triggered by specific situations. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), panic attacks involve at least four of the following symptoms.
Physical Signs of Panic Attacks
1. Rapid Heartbeat or Palpitations
One of the most common panic attack symptoms is a racing heart or pounding heartbeat. Your heart may feel like it's beating irregularly or uncomfortably fast.
2. Sweating
Sudden, excessive sweating is a typical response during a panic attack, even in cool environments.
3. Trembling or Shaking
Uncontrollable shaking or trembling in hands, legs, or throughout the body is a frequent symptom.
4. Shortness of Breath
Feeling like you can't catch your breath or are being smothered is a hallmark panic attack sign.
5. Chest Pain or Discomfort
Tightness, pain, or discomfort in the chest area can be alarming and is commonly experienced during panic attacks.
6. Nausea or Abdominal Distress
Stomach upset, nausea, or digestive discomfort frequently accompany panic attacks.
7. Dizziness or Lightheadedness
Feeling faint, dizzy, or unsteady is common, sometimes leading to a fear of passing out.
8. Chills or Hot Flashes
Sudden temperature sensations, either feeling extremely hot or cold, often occur during panic attacks.
9. Numbness or Tingling
Paresthesia (tingling or numbness) in hands, feet, or face is a frequent physical symptom.
Cognitive & Emotional Signs
10. Fear of Losing Control
An overwhelming fear that you're losing control or "going crazy" is a common psychological symptom.
11. Fear of Dying
Many people experiencing a panic attack report an intense fear that they're dying or having a heart attack.
12. Derealization or Depersonalization
Feelings of unreality (derealization) or being detached from yourself (depersonalization) can occur during panic attacks.
Early Warning Signs
While panic attacks often feel sudden, some people notice subtle warning signs before an attack:
- •Increased anxiety or tension in the hours before
- •Difficulty concentrating
- •Muscle tension
- •Restlessness or feeling on edge
- •Changes in breathing patterns
How Long Do Panic Attacks Last?
Panic attacks typically reach their peak intensity within 10 minutes and rarely last longer than 30 minutes. However, some symptoms may linger for an hour or more after the main attack subsides.
The sudden onset and rapid escalation of symptoms distinguish panic attacks from general anxiety, which tends to build more gradually.
When to Seek Medical Help & Use a Panic Attack App
If you're experiencing panic attack symptoms for the first time, it's important to seek medical evaluation to rule out other conditions. Using a panic attack app to track your episodes can provide valuable data for your healthcare provider. Seek medical attention to rule out:
- •Heart problems (arrhythmias, heart attack)
- •Thyroid disorders
- •Respiratory conditions
- •Medication side effects
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience chest pain, difficulty breathing, or if you're unsure whether you're having a panic attack or a medical emergency.
Do You Experience Panic Attacks? Self-Assessment Checklist
According to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, a panic attack is characterized by experiencing at least 4 of the following 13 symptoms. Use this interactive checklist to assess whether your symptoms align with panic attacks.
Panic Attack Symptom Checker
Check the symptoms you've experienced during your episodes:
Important: This is an educational tool, not a diagnostic instrument. If you're experiencing these symptoms, please consult with a qualified healthcare provider for proper evaluation and treatment.
Track Your Panic Attack Symptoms with Our Free App
Understanding your unique panic attack patterns is essential for effective management. Abler is a panic attack app that helps you track symptoms, identify triggers, and share insights with healthcare providers.
Frequently Asked Questions About Panic Attack Signs
What are the most common signs of a panic attack?
The most common panic attack signs include rapid heartbeat or heart palpitations, shortness of breath, chest pain, sweating, trembling, dizziness, and an overwhelming fear of dying or losing control. These symptoms typically peak within 10 minutes and occur suddenly without warning.
How can I tell if I'm having a panic attack or a heart attack?
While panic attacks and heart attacks can share similar symptoms like chest pain and shortness of breath, panic attack symptoms typically peak and subside within 10-30 minutes. Heart attack symptoms tend to be more persistent and may include pain radiating to the arm, jaw, or back. If you're unsure or experiencing chest pain for the first time, always seek immediate medical attention.
Can you have a panic attack without realizing it?
It's uncommon to have a panic attack without noticing due to the intense symptoms. However, some people may mistake panic attack symptoms for other medical conditions initially. If you're experiencing four or more panic attack symptoms suddenly and intensely, you're likely having a panic attack.
What triggers panic attack symptoms?
Panic attacks can be triggered by stress, phobias, medical conditions, medications, substance use, or major life changes. However, many panic attacks occur unexpectedly without an obvious trigger. Using a panic attack app like Abler to track your episodes can help identify your personal triggers and patterns over time.
How long do panic attack symptoms last?
Most panic attacks reach their peak intensity within 10 minutes and rarely last longer than 30 minutes. However, some residual symptoms like fatigue, worry, or mild anxiety may persist for an hour or more after the main panic attack subsides.
Are panic attack signs the same for everyone?
While the core panic attack symptoms are consistent (requiring at least 4 of 13 DSM-5 criteria), the specific combination and intensity of symptoms can vary from person to person and even between different panic attacks in the same individual. This is why personalized tracking is valuable.
Related Resources
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. If you're experiencing symptoms of panic attacks, please consult with a qualified healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.